Process philosophy, mathematics

Alfred North Whitehead

1861 – 1947

Whitehead makes the river argument systematic: what is real is the event, not the thing. An organisation, on that reading, is a rate rather than a structure.

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Start with
Process and Reality (1929)
Where they resist the book
The metaphysics is demanding and abstract. Whitehead never intended it as a description of institutions, and the transfer is the book's, not his.

Works worth the time

Process and Reality · 1929

The systematic version of the river argument. Demanding; the opening and closing parts carry most of what a reader here needs.

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Where Whitehead appears

I. The RiverPhilosophy

Process before substance.

Heraclitus is quoted more often than he is taken seriously. Read as process philosophy rather than aphorism, the river says that things are patterns of change rather than objects that happen to move. Whitehead extends the same claim: what is real is the event, not the thing. An organisation, on this reading, is a rate rather than a structure.